American musicians born in 1938

Here are 50 famous musicians from United States of America were born in 1938:

Freddie Hubbard

Freddie Hubbard (April 7, 1938 Indianapolis-December 29, 2008 Sherman Oaks) a.k.a. Freddy Hubbard, Fredrick Dewayne Hubbard, Hubbard, Freddie or Freddie Hubbard and Friends was an American musician, bandleader, trumpeter and composer.

Related albums: Topsy, This Is Jazz, Priceless Jazz, Breaking Point, First Light, Hub-Tones, Keep Your Soul Together, Live From Concerts by the Sea, Open Sesame and Polar AC. His related genres: Jazz, Hard bop, Bebop and Post-bop.

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Stella Stevens

Stella Stevens (October 1, 1938 Yazoo City-) otherwise known as Estelle Caro Eggleston is an American actor, film director and model. She has one child, Andrew Stevens.

Stella Stevens began her career as a model in the late 1950s, appearing on countless magazine covers and in advertisements for major brands. She later transitioned to acting, landing her first major film role in the 1960 movie "Say One for Me". Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Stevens appeared in numerous films, including "The Nutty Professor", "The Poseidon Adventure", and "The Ballad of Cable Hogue".

In addition to acting, Stevens also tried her hand at directing, helming several low-budget films in the 1980s and 1990s. Later in life, she became involved in charity work, supporting organizations such as the Starlight Children's Foundation and the American Cancer Society. Despite facing personal struggles with substance abuse and financial troubles, Stevens has remained a beloved figure in the entertainment industry and a trailblazer for women in film.

Stella Stevens' talent and versatility as an actress led her to receive critical acclaim for her performances in many of her films. In 1963 she received a Golden Globe nomination for "The Courtship of Eddie's Father", and in 1964 she won the Silver Bear award at the Berlin International Film Festival for her role in "The Pawnbroker". Stevens also starred in the cult classic "Cleopatra Jones" in 1973, which further solidified her status as a leading lady in Hollywood.

Despite facing personal hardships, Stevens has been recognized for her impact on the entertainment industry. In 2009, she was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her contributions to film. Stevens' legacy not only includes her work in film and television, but also her advocacy for important causes. She has been a vocal supporter of various environmental initiatives and has worked to raise awareness about the importance of preserving natural habitats. Today, Stella Stevens continues to inspire both on and off the screen.

In addition to her work in film and television, Stella Stevens has also appeared on various stage productions. She made her Broadway debut in the play "The Girls in 509" in 1958 and later starred in productions of "A Shot in the Dark" and "The Red, White and Blue". Stevens' talent as a singer also led her to release several albums throughout her career, including "Whispering" and "The Touch of Your Lips".She has been married three times, first to electrician Noble Herman Stephens from 1954-1957, then to actor and director Jerry Lewis from 1963-1965, and finally to carpenter and film director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-director-direct Andrew Stevens, with whom she has a son. Stevens' life has been chronicled in the autobiographical book, "Razzle Dazzle: The Life and Work of Actress Stella Stevens" by Preston Neal Jones. The book details her rise to fame in Hollywood, as well as her personal struggles with addiction and financial hardship. Despite her challenges, Stevens' talent, resilience, and dedication to her craft have cemented her place in Hollywood history as a beloved icon.

Stella Stevens' passion for acting and filmmaking is evident in her extensive body of work, which spans nearly six decades. She was a regular fixture in both film and television throughout the 1980s and 1990s, appearing in popular TV shows like "The Love Boat" and "Santa Barbara". Stevens also appeared in the hit miniseries "The Thorn Birds" in 1983, for which she won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress.

Throughout her career, Stevens has been recognized for her contributions to the arts and entertainment industry. In addition to her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, she was also named "Woman of the Year" by the Hollywood Women's Press Club in 1960. Stevens has also been recognized for her humanitarian work, receiving the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Starlight Children's Foundation in 2001.

Now in her 80s, Stella Stevens remains a beloved icon of the entertainment industry, with a career that has inspired generations of actors and filmmakers. Her legacy serves as a testament to the power of perseverance, dedication, and hard work, proving that even in the face of adversity, anything is possible.

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Ishmael Reed

Ishmael Reed (February 22, 1938 Chattanooga-) also known as Ismael Scott Reed or Ishmael Scott Reed is an American writer, novelist, poet, author, essayist, playwright, teacher and editor.

He is best known for his satirical and experimental works that often address issues of race and racism, cultural identity, and American society. Reed began his writing career as a journalist and later transitioned to writing fiction, poetry, and plays. Some of his most famous works include "Mumbo Jumbo", "Flight to Canada", and "The Haunting of Lin-Manuel Miranda". In addition to writing, Reed has been a professor at numerous universities, including the University at Buffalo and Harvard University. He has received multiple awards for his writing, including the MacArthur Fellowship and the Lila Wallace-Reader's Digest Award.

Reed was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee, but spent most of his childhood in Buffalo, New York. He attended the University at Buffalo, where he earned a degree in English. After graduation, he worked as a journalist for a number of publications, including The Buffalo Empire Star and The New York Times.

Reed's first novel, "The Freelance Pallbearers", was published in 1967 and was followed by "Yellow Back Radio Broke-Down" in 1969. These early works marked Reed as a bold and innovative writer in the African American literary tradition.

In the 1970s, Reed began to develop his unique satirical style, combining elements of fantasy, science fiction, and historical fiction in works such as "Mumbo Jumbo" and "The Last Days of Louisiana Red". These books challenged readers to rethink their assumptions about race, history, and culture.

Reed's contributions to American literature have been celebrated with numerous awards and honors, including induction into the American Academy of Arts and Letters. He continues to write and publish new work and is a respected voice on issues of social justice and cultural diversity.

Reed has been an influential figure in the Black Arts Movement, which emerged in the 1960s as a response to the Civil Rights Movement. He has been an advocate for promoting the work of African American writers and encouraging greater representation in popular culture. In the 1980s, Reed founded the Before Columbus Foundation, which recognizes outstanding literature by writers of color.

Reed has also been a vocal critic of American society and politics, particularly in his later works. He has written extensively about the impact of globalization and corporate power on marginalized communities, and has been a strong voice in the anti-war movement. His play "Body Parts" was a scathing critique of the corporate medical system and the exploitation of the human body for profit.

Despite his challenging and controversial style, Reed's work has been widely acclaimed and has had a significant impact on American literature. In addition to his novels, poetry, and plays, he has also written essays and non-fiction, including a memoir entitled "The Terrible Twos". Today, Reed is recognized as one of the most important African American writers of the 20th century and continues to inspire new generations of writers and thinkers.

Reed has also been a pioneer in the use of literary techniques such as fragmentation, intertextuality, and parody. His works often challenge traditional narrative structures and incorporate a wide range of cultural references, from African mythology to popular music. Reed's unconventional style has inspired a generation of writers who seek to break free from the constraints of traditional literary forms.

In addition to his literary achievements, Reed has been an active voice in various social and political movements. He has been a vocal advocate for civil rights, human rights, and environmental justice. Throughout his career, Reed has used his writing to bring attention to issues facing marginalized communities, both in the United States and around the world.

Reed's impact on American culture extends beyond his writing. As a teacher, he has inspired countless students and mentored a new generation of artists and writers. He has also been an influential cultural critic, using his platform to challenge dominant narratives in popular culture and promote more diverse representations.

Despite his many accolades and achievements, Reed remains committed to his craft and his activism. He continues to write and speak out on issues that matter to him, and his work remains as relevant and vital as ever. Reed's legacy serves as a reminder of the power of literature to shape and challenge our understanding of the world around us.

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Kenny Rogers

Kenny Rogers (August 21, 1938 Houston-) also known as Kenny Rodgers, Kenneth Donald Rogers, Rogers, Kenny, Kenneth Donald "Kenny" Rogers, Kenny Rogers & The First Edition, Kenny Rogers and The First Edition, The First Edition or Kenneth Ray Rogers is an American record producer, singer-songwriter, actor, musician, artist, photographer, entrepreneur, author, visual artist and music artist. He has five children, Justin Charles Rogers, Jordan Edward Rogers, Carole Rogers, Kenny Rogers Jr. and Christopher Cody Rogers.

His discography includes: Kenny Rogers, Lady, Kenny Rogers Greatest Country Hits, Legends: Volume 2, A Decade of Hits, For the Good Times, Love Collection, Always & Forever, Greatest Country Hits, Volume 3 and 42 Ultimate Hits. His related genres: Country pop, Country, Pop music, Rock music, Jazz, Adult contemporary music and Soft rock.

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Wolfman Jack

Wolfman Jack (January 21, 1938 Brooklyn-July 1, 1995 Belvedere) also known as Robert Weston Smith or Reverend Jack was an American radio personality, presenter, disc jockey and actor. He had two children, Joy Rene Smith and Tod Weston Smith.

Discography: Now!.

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Natalie Wood

Natalie Wood (July 20, 1938 San Francisco-November 29, 1981 Santa Catalina Island) also known as Natalia Nikolaevna Zakharenko, Natasha Gurdin, Natalie, Natalia, Natasha, Natalie Wood Wagner, Natalia Zacharenko, Наталья Николаевна Захаренко or Natalia Nikolaevna Zacharenko was an American actor and singer. Her children are called Natasha Gregson Wagner and Courtney Brooke Wagner.

Wood began her acting career as a child in films such as "Miracle on 34th Street" (1947) and "The Ghost and Mrs. Muir" (1947). She then transitioned to more mature roles in films such as "Rebel Without a Cause" (1955), "Splendor in the Grass" (1961), and "West Side Story" (1961), earning three Academy Award nominations along the way.

Outside of her acting career, Wood was also known for her high-profile marriages to actor Robert Wagner, which lasted twice, and her romantic relationship with the actor Christopher Walken. Her life was tragically cut short when she drowned while on a yacht with Wagner and Walken off the coast of California at the age of 43, under mysterious circumstances that remain a subject of discussion to this day.

Wood was born to Russian immigrant parents and grew up in a family with limited means. She was selected to play a small role in the film "Tomorrow Is Forever" (1946) after being spotted at a local dance studio by a film producer. Her talent was immediately recognized, and she was soon signed by a major Hollywood studio. Over the course of her career, Wood would appear in over 50 films and television shows.

Despite her success in Hollywood, Wood remained humble and was known for her kindness and generosity toward others. She was also an advocate for children's rights and worked with several charities throughout her life. Wood's death was a shock to the entertainment industry and her fans, and it continues to be a subject of fascination and speculation to this day. Despite the tragedy surrounding her untimely death, Wood's legacy as one of Hollywood's most talented and beloved actresses lives on.

Wood's passion for acting was evident from a young age, and she quickly became a sought-after child actress in Hollywood. In addition to her early roles in films, she also appeared in several popular television shows, including "The Pride of the Family" and "The 20th Century Fox Hour." However, it was her portrayal of Judy in "Rebel Without a Cause" alongside James Dean that cemented her status as a Hollywood icon.

Throughout her career, Wood worked with some of Hollywood's most renowned directors and actors, including Elia Kazan, Warren Beatty, and Robert Redford. She was known for her versatility and range, and her performances in films such as "Inside Daisy Clover" (1965) and "Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice" (1969) earned critical acclaim.

In addition to her acting career, Wood was also a talented singer and dancer. She received dance lessons from some of the best choreographers in the industry and showcased her skills in "West Side Story," for which she famously sang "I Feel Pretty."

Wood's personal life was marked by tumultuous relationships and scandals, including allegations of infidelity and domestic abuse. However, she was also known for her close friendships with Hollywood legends such as Elizabeth Taylor and Rock Hudson.

Despite the mystery surrounding her death, Wood's legacy continues to inspire new generations of actors and fans. Her talent, beauty, and humanitarian efforts have ensured that she remains a beloved figure in Hollywood history.

Wood was also a dedicated advocate for mental health and openly discussed her struggles with depression and anxiety. She was an early supporter of the National Mental Health Association and worked to raise awareness about mental illness through public speaking engagements and interviews. In addition to her humanitarian work, Wood was also a savvy businesswoman who invested in real estate and owned several successful businesses, including a clothing store and a production company. She was a true trailblazer for women in Hollywood, challenging traditional gender roles and demanding equal pay and opportunities for women in the industry. Despite her many accomplishments, Wood never lost touch with her roots and remained deeply connected to her Russian heritage throughout her life. Her legacy as a talented actress, singer, and humanitarian continues to inspire people around the world, and her impact on Hollywood will never be forgotten.

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Jean Seberg

Jean Seberg (November 13, 1938 Marshalltown-August 30, 1979 Paris) also known as Jean Dorothy Seberg was an American actor. She had two children, Alexandre Diego Gary and Nina Hart Gary.

Seberg rose to fame with her starring role in the iconic film "Breathless" (1960), directed by Jean-Luc Godard. She quickly became a fashion icon and appeared in numerous films such as "Lilith" (1964), "Moment to Moment" (1965), and "Airport" (1970).

In addition to her acting career, Seberg was also a political activist and outspoken supporter of various civil rights causes. She was involved in the Black Panther Party and was later targeted by the FBI's COINTELPRO program, leading to intense surveillance and harassment that greatly impacted her mental health.

Tragically, Seberg died by suicide at the age of 40 in Paris, where she was living at the time. Her legacy as a brave and talented performer, as well as her activism and persecution by the government, continue to be remembered and celebrated today.

Seberg was born in Marshalltown, Iowa and grew up in a small town called Marshalltown, where she was an active student and participated in numerous school plays. She began her career as a model, which led to her being discovered by Otto Preminger, who cast her as the lead in his film "Saint Joan" (1957). She then moved to France, where she made "Breathless" and became an international star. In addition to her film work, Seberg also appeared on stage in various productions, including a stage adaptation of "Aimez-vous Brahms?" in New York in the late 1960s. She also recorded several albums, including a collaboration with Serge Gainsbourg. After her death, Seberg's legacy continued to grow, with a documentary about her life released in 2019 and a biopic in development.

Seberg's personal life was often tumultuous. She was married three times - first to French writer François Moreuil, then to American filmmaker Romain Gary, with whom she had her two children, and finally to Algerian author and diplomat Ahmed Hasni. Her relationships were sometimes controversial, and she faced criticism from the media for her public affair with Black Panther leader Hakim Jamal.

Seberg's activism and association with the Black Panther Party had a significant impact on her life. She was closely monitored by the FBI, who spread false rumors about her personal life and even went as far as creating a fake news story about her pregnancy in an attempt to discredit her. The constant surveillance and harassment took a toll on her mental health, and she struggled with depression and paranoia.

Despite the challenges she faced in her personal life, Seberg remained committed to her work and her activism. She used her status as a famous actor to bring attention to social and political issues, and she was known for her bravery and passion in standing up for what she believed in.

Today, Jean Seberg is remembered not only for her acting career but also for her activism and courage in the face of adversity. Her influence can be seen in the many artists and activists who continue to be inspired by her legacy.

Seberg's impact on the film industry and popular culture continues to be felt today. The iconic haircut she wore in "Breathless" became a defining style of the 1960s, and her fashion sense was admired by many. Seberg's dedication to civil rights also helped pave the way for future generations of activists, and her advocacy for women's reproductive rights was ahead of its time. After her death, Seberg's family established the Jean Seberg International Film Festival to honor her legacy and promote independent filmmaking. The festival has since become a leading showcase for emerging talent in the industry.

Seberg's tragic death at the age of 40 shocked the world and cast a pall over her legacy. However, her impact on the world of film and activism cannot be overstated. Today, she is remembered as a talented actor, a fearless activist, and a trailblazing feminist. Despite the struggles she faced in her personal life, Seberg remained a passionate advocate for what she believed in until the end. Her life and legacy continue to inspire new generations of artists, activists, and filmmakers around the world.

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Etta James

Etta James (January 25, 1938 Los Angeles-January 20, 2012 Riverside) also known as Jamesetta Hawkins, Eita James, Miss Peaches or The Matriarch of R&B was an American musician, singer-songwriter and singer. She had two children, Sametto James and Donto James.

Her albums: Tell Mama, The Essential Etta James, The Genuine Article: The Best of Etta James, 20th Century Masters: The Millennium Collection: The Best of Etta James, Burnin' Down the House, Hickory Dickory Dock, How Strong Is a Woman: The Island Sessions, I'd Rather Go Blind, Live From San Francisco and Love Songs. Genres she performed: Jazz, Blues, Soul music, Rhythm and blues, Rock music, Gospel music and Rock and roll.

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Connie Francis

Connie Francis (December 12, 1938 Newark-) also known as Conni Francis, Conny Francis, Concetta Rosa Maria Franconero, Concetta Rosemarie Franconero, connie_francis, Francis, Connie, Queenie, The Queen of Song, Concetta Franconero or Connie Franconero is an American singer and actor.

Her discography includes: 20th Century Masters: The Millennium Collection: The Best of Connie Francis, Among My Souvenirs (The Best of) (disc 3), An American Treasure, Volume 1, An American Treasure, Volume 2, Award Winning Motion Picture Hits, Christmas Cheer, 20 All Time Greats, 24 Greatest Hits, 36 All-Time Greatest Hits, Volume 1 and The Return Concert: Live at Trump's Castle. Genres: Traditional pop music, Rock music, Rock and roll, Country, Vocal jazz, Schlager music and Country pop.

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Bill Withers

Bill Withers (July 4, 1938 Slab Fork-) a.k.a. Bill Whiters, Bill Whinters, Bill Whithers, William Harrison Withers Jr. or William Harrison Withers, Jr. is an American musician, singer-songwriter and record producer. His children are called Todd Withers and Kori Withers.

Discography: Just As I Am, Lovely Day, Lean On Me - The Best Of Bill Withers, Lovely Day: The Very Best of Bill Withers, Ain't No Sunshine, Ain't No Sunshine, Bill Withers' Greatest Hits, Just as I Am / Still Bill, Live at Carnegie Hall and Lovely Days. Genres: Rhythm and blues, Soul music, Pop music, Blues, Smooth soul and Funk.

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Peter Yarrow

Peter Yarrow (May 31, 1938 New York City-) also known as Yarrow, Peter, Peter or Peter Paul and Mary is an American singer, guitarist, record producer, singer-songwriter, musician, film producer, television producer, film score composer and songwriter. He has two children, Bethany Yarrow and Christopher Yarrow.

His discography includes: Peter. Genres he performed: Folk music.

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Joe Dassin

Joe Dassin (November 5, 1938 New York City-August 20, 1980 Papeete) also known as Joseph Dassin, Joseph Ira Dassin, Joseph Ira "Joe" Dassin or Jo Dassin was an American singer, songwriter and singer-songwriter. He had three children, Joshua Dassin, Jonathan Dassin and Julien Dassin.

His albums: L'Amérique, Si tu t'appelle mélancolie, Chante L'Amour, Le Meilleur: 52 Chansons, Volume 1, Le Meilleur: 52 Chansons, Volume 2, Le Meilleur: 52 Chansons, Volume 3, Éternel..., Éternel, Best of 2 and Compilation GOLD. Genres he performed: Chanson and French pop music.

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Tommy Chong

Tommy Chong (May 24, 1938 Edmonton-) also known as Thomas Chong B. Kin, Thomas B. Kin Chong, Thomas Chong, Chong or Tommy is an American musician, actor, screenwriter, comedian, film director and television producer. His children are Rae Dawn Chong, Precious Chong, Paris Chong, Robbi Chong, Gilbran Chong and Marcus Chong.

Chong is best known for his role as one half of the comedy duo Cheech & Chong, alongside Cheech Marin. The pair rose to fame in the 1970s and 1980s with a series of successful comedy albums and films, including Up in Smoke, Cheech & Chong's Next Movie, and Nice Dreams. Chong also had a recurring role on the hit television show That 70s Show, playing the character of Leo.

Aside from his work in entertainment, Chong is also an advocate for marijuana legalization and has been involved in several cannabis-related businesses. In fact, he spent time in prison in the early 2000s for selling drug paraphernalia through his company, Chong Glass. In recent years, Chong has also been a vocal supporter of Bernie Sanders and participated in the 2020 Democratic primary elections.

Chong was born in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and his family moved to the United States when he was a child. He rose to fame as part of the counterculture movement in the United States and was a regular guest on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. In addition to his work with Cheech & Chong, he has also appeared in films such as Zootopia and Still Smokin', and has had guest roles on television shows such as The Simpsons and Dharma & Greg.

Chong is also an accomplished musician and has released several albums, both as a solo artist and with Cheech & Chong. He plays guitar, harmonica, and percussion and has collaborated with other musicians, including The Wailers and Shelby Chong, his wife and frequent collaborator.

In addition to his advocacy work for marijuana legalization, Chong has also been involved in various charitable organizations, including the American Cancer Society and the Marijuana Policy Project. He continues to perform and tour, and his memoir, Cheech & Chong: The Unauthorized Autobiography, was published in 2008.

Chong's interest in music was sparked from a young age when he began playing guitar and listening to jazz music. He began his professional music career in the late 1950s, playing guitar with various bands. Chong also briefly owned a Vancouver nightclub called "Blue Balls" in the early 1960s before transitioning to comedy.

Outside of entertainment, Chong has been married several times and has been open about his struggles with addiction. He has been sober since 2003 and has spoken publicly about his experiences with addiction and recovery.

In 2012, Chong was diagnosed with prostate cancer and underwent treatment. He has since become an advocate for cancer awareness and has spoken about the importance of early detection.

Chong's impact on popular culture and the cannabis industry cannot be overstated. He and Cheech Marin are widely regarded as pioneers of stoner comedy, and their work has influenced countless comedians and filmmakers. As cannabis continues to move towards legalization and into the mainstream, it is likely that Chong's legacy will only continue to grow.

Chong's passion for cannabis also led to him opening up his own line of marijuana products, including Tommy Chong's Choice, a brand of cannabis products that boasts 100% natural ingredients. He has also been a vocal advocate for the use of medical marijuana, having used it to help with his own cancer treatment. Chong's advocacy work has earned him numerous accolades, including the Cannabis Business Award and the NORML Lifetime Achievement Award.

In addition to his entertainment and advocacy work, Chong has also dabbled in politics, running for Canadian Parliament in 2003 as a member of the Marijuana Party. Although he was ultimately unsuccessful, his campaign brought attention to the need for cannabis legalization in Canada.

Despite his ups and downs, including his time in prison, Chong remains a beloved figure in the entertainment industry and in the counterculture movement. He continues to tour and perform, and his enthusiasm for life and his irreverent sense of humor have made him a cultural icon.

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Jerry West

Jerry West (May 28, 1938 Chelyan, West Virginia-) a.k.a. Jerry Alan West is an American basketball player and basketball coach. He has five children, David West, Mark West, Jonnie West, Ryan West and Michael West.

Jerry West was a professional basketball player who spent his entire 14-year NBA career with the Los Angeles Lakers. He won an NBA championship in 1972 and was named NBA Finals MVP in 1969 despite being on the losing team. West was known for his excellent shooting and tenacious defense, earning him the nickname "Mr. Clutch." After retiring as a player, West went on to have a successful career as a coach and executive, including serving as the general manager of the Lakers when they won five championships in the 1980s. He was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1980 and is widely considered one of the greatest players in the history of the game.

Jerry West grew up in a poor family in West Virginia and had to work odd jobs as a child to help make ends meet. He excelled in basketball at a young age and went on to play college basketball at West Virginia University. During his college career, West was a three-time All-American and led the Mountaineers to the NCAA championship game in 1959. He was later drafted second overall by the Lakers in the 1960 NBA draft.

Aside from his playing and coaching career, Jerry West is also known for designing the NBA logo which features the silhouette of him dribbling a basketball. He was approached by the league in 1969 to create a new logo and his design has since become one of the most recognizable logos in sports.

Outside of basketball, West has been open about his struggles with depression and anxiety. In his autobiography, he revealed that he has sought therapy and medication to manage his mental health. He has also been an advocate for mental health awareness and has used his platform to encourage others to seek help if they need it.

Later in his career, Jerry West became the coach of the Lakers in 1976, leading them to the playoffs in his first season. In 1982, he was named the NBA Coach of the Year. West then moved on to become the team's general manager in 1982, a position he held for over two decades. During his time as GM, the Lakers won five championships and drafted several All-Stars such as Magic Johnson, James Worthy, and Kobe Bryant.

In addition to his accomplishments on the court and as an executive, West has been recognized for his philanthropy and community service. He established the Jerry West Foundation, which supports a variety of causes including children's charities, health research, and education. He has also worked as an advocate for veterans' rights and was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2019 by President Donald Trump for his contributions to the sport of basketball and his philanthropic work.

Jerry West's influence on basketball goes beyond just his playing and coaching career. He has also made an impact in the business side of the game, serving as a consultant for several NBA teams after his retirement from the Lakers' front office. Additionally, he has been an analyst for ESPN and TNT and has written several books on basketball.

West's impact on the game has not gone unnoticed, with many players and coaches citing him as an inspiration. In fact, the NBA logo that he designed is not the only lasting tribute to him. The NBA Finals MVP award has also been named after him, with the trophy being called the "Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award" since 2009.

Despite all of his accomplishments, West remains humble and grateful for his success. In his autobiography, he wrote, "I'm not trying to convince anyone that I'm a great person, just a lucky one. Lucky to have been born with the ability to play basketball, and lucky to have played for the Lakers, coached the Lakers, and ultimately helped build a great Lakers team as a general manager."

Jerry West's legacy in basketball and beyond will continue to be felt for generations to come.

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Alvin Curran

Alvin Curran (December 13, 1938 Providence-) also known as Curran, Alvin is an American composer, professor, musician, film score composer and teacher.

His discography includes: Animal Behavior, Lost Marbles, Theme Park, Songs and Views of the Magnetic Garden, Canti Illuminati, Maritime Rites, Electric Rags II, Shofar Rags, and .

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Charles Wuorinen

Charles Wuorinen (June 9, 1938 New York City-) also known as Wuorinen, Charles or Charles Peter Wuorinen is an American composer.

His most recognized albums: Lepton (conductor: Charles Wuorinen), Works for Violin and Piano and Time's Encomium (For Synthesized & Processed Synthesized Sound).

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Ben E. King

Ben E. King (September 28, 1938 Henderson-) also known as King, Ben E., B.E. King, Ben E, King, Ben E.King, Ben E King, B. E. King, Ben. E. King, Benjamin Nelson, Benjamin Earl Nelson or Ben King is an American singer, record producer, songwriter and musician.

His albums include Stand by Me, Don't Play That Song!, Seven Letters, Best of Ben E King, Soulful Hits, Stand by Me: The Ben E. King Collection, Stand by Me, Stand by Me, Ultimate Collection and Spanish Harlem. Genres he performed: Pop music, Rhythm and blues, Soul music and Doo-wop.

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Connie Stevens

Connie Stevens (August 8, 1938 Brooklyn-) also known as Concetta Rosalie Ann Ingolia, Concetta Anna Ingolia, Concetta Rosalie Anna Ingoglia, Concetta Rosalie Ann Ingoglia or Concetta Rosalie Anna Ingolia is an American entrepreneur, businessperson, singer, actor, screenwriter, film director and film producer. She has two children, Tricia Leigh Fisher and Joely Fisher.

Her discography includes: Best Of, As "Cricket" in the Warner Bros. Series "Hawaiian Eye" and The Complete Warner Bros. Singles. Genres she performed: Traditional pop music.

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William Bolcom

William Bolcom (May 26, 1938 Seattle-) also known as Bolcom, William, Bolcolm, William Eldin or William Elden Bolcolm is an American pianist, composer and author.

Related albums: New Music for Organ, Paul Jacobs Plays Blues, Ballads & Rags, Bolcom: Songs Of Innocence And Of Experience and Songs of Innocence and of Experience. Genres he performed include Opera.

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Joan Tower

Joan Tower (September 6, 1938 New Rochelle-) also known as Tower, Joan or Tower Joan is an American composer, pianist and conductor.

Her albums include Silver Ladders/Island Prelude/Music for Cello and Orchestra/Sequoia (St. Louis Symphony Orchestra feat. conductor Leonard Slatkin), Made in America / Tambor / Concerto for Orchestra (Nashville Symphony Orchestra feat. conductor: Leonard Slatkin) and Thirteen Ways.

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Maryanne Amacher

Maryanne Amacher (February 25, 1938 Kane-October 22, 2009 Rhinebeck) also known as Amacher, Maryanne was an American composer.

Her albums: Sound Characters (Making the Third Ear) and Sound Characters 2 (Making Sonic Spaces). Genres she performed include Experimental music.

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Charley Pride

Charley Pride (March 18, 1938 Sledge-) also known as Charly Pride, Charlie Pride, Pride, Charley, Charley Frank Pride, The Pride of Country Music or "Country" Charlie Pride is an American actor, composer, music artist, singer, businessperson, guitarist, musician, business owner and record producer.

His albums: The Country Way, Make Mine Country, Charley Pride's Tenth Album, Christmas in My Home Town, Just Plain Charley, To All My Wonderful Fans From Me to You, Did You Think to Pray?, I'm Just Me, A Sunshine Day With Charley Pride and After All This Time. Genres he performed include Country.

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Jonathan Tunick

Jonathan Tunick (April 19, 1938 New York City-) is an American orchestrator, composer, film score composer and music director.

He studied music theory and composition at Bard College and The Juilliard School, where he earned his B.A. and M.S. degrees, respectively. Tunick is best known for his work as an orchestrator on Broadway musicals such as Company, A Little Night Music, and Sweeney Todd. He has won numerous awards for his work, including a Tony Award, an Academy Award, and an Emmy Award. In addition to his work in theater, Tunick has also composed music for film and television, with credits including The Devil and Max Devlin and Blazing Saddles. Throughout his career, he has collaborated with notable figures in the entertainment industry, such as Stephen Sondheim, Barbra Streisand, and Judy Garland.

Tunick's career in music began in the 1960s, when he worked as an arranger for pop stars like Dusty Springfield and Petula Clark. He soon transitioned to his work on Broadway, where he established himself as one of the leading orchestrators of his generation. In addition to his work on musicals, Tunick has also composed works for the concert hall, such as his Triple Concerto for Violin, Cello and Piano, which was premiered by the Boston Symphony Orchestra in 2009.

Tunick has been recognized as a major force in shaping the sound of contemporary musical theater, and his influence can be heard in the work of countless composers and orchestrators who have followed in his footsteps. Despite his success, he remains a humble and self-effacing figure, always quick to credit the contributions of his collaborators and the performers who bring his music to life.

In 1997, Tunick was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame. He has also been honored with the Drama Desk Award and the Outer Critics Circle Award for his work on various Broadway productions. Tunick has served as a mentor to many young composers and arrangers, and has taught at universities such as Yale, Columbia, and the University of Pennsylvania. In addition to his musical endeavors, Tunick is also a published author, with his memoirs "The Seasons of My Life" and "The Importance of Orchestrating" receiving critical acclaim. With a career spanning over five decades, Jonathan Tunick remains an important figure in the music industry and a true pioneer in the field of musical theater.

Tunick's contributions to Broadway have been substantial, and he has been an instrumental figure in the development of the modern American musical. His orchestrations are known for their intricate and complex arrangements, which enhance the emotional depth and complexity of the shows on which he works. In recognition of his achievements, the New York Pops dedicated a concert to Tunick in 2002, featuring some of his most iconic arrangements and compositions.

Tunick's work on film scores has also been widely acclaimed, and he has collaborated with some of the most notable filmmakers in the industry. His work on The Producers earned him an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score and Adaptation, and he was later nominated for an Emmy Award for his score to the television series Love, Sidney.

Despite his many accolades, Tunick remains humble about his achievements, telling the New York Times in a 2015 interview, "I still feel like I'm the guy who just graduated from college and is getting his first job." He continues to work on new projects in both theater and film, and his contributions to the world of music continue to inspire and influence future generations of composers and orchestrators.

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McCoy Tyner

McCoy Tyner (December 11, 1938 Philadelphia-) also known as Tyner Mcoy, Tyner McCoy, Tyner, McCoy, McCoy Turner or Alfred McCoy Tyner is an American musician, composer, jazz pianist, bandleader, pianist and actor.

His albums: Nights of Ballads and Blues, The Real McCoy, Echoes of a Friend, Live at the Musicans Exchange Cafe, Revelations, Things Ain't What They Used to Be, Soliloquy, McCoy Tyner Plays John Coltrane: Live at the Village Vanguard, Illuminations and Priceless Jazz Collection. Genres he performed include Afro-Cuban jazz, Hard bop, Modal jazz, Post-bop, Modern Creative, Bebop, Third stream and Mainstream jazz.

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Shirley Caesar

Shirley Caesar (October 13, 1938 Durham-) otherwise known as Shirley Ceasar, Caesar, Shirley, First Lady of gospel, Shirley Caesar and Friends, Pastor Shirley Caesar, Reverend Shirley Caesar, The Queen of Gospel Music, Baby Shirley, Shirley Ann Caesar-Williams or Shirley Ann Caesar is an American singer, actor, music artist, songwriter and pastor.

Her albums include Live in Chicago, Live, Old Apple Tree, You Can Make It, A City Called Heaven, He's Working It Out For You, Sailin', Christmas With Shirley Caesar, Put Your Hand in the Hand of the Man From Galilee and Rejoice. Genres: Gospel music.

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Elliott Gould

Elliott Gould (August 29, 1938 Brooklyn-) also known as Elliott Goldstein or Elliot Gould is an American actor, film producer and voice actor. He has two children, Jason Gould and Samuel Gould.

Gould rose to prominence in the 1960s, appearing in several notable films of the era such as "Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice" (1969) and "MASH" (1970). He continued to work steadily in the decades following, receiving critical acclaim for his roles in "The Long Goodbye" (1973) and "California Split" (1974). In recent years, he has appeared in popular television shows such as "Ray Donovan" and "Grace and Frankie". Gould was also nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in "Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice". In addition to his acting career, he has also produced several films and lent his voice to a number of animated television shows and films.

Gould's acting career started in theatre, with his debut in "Romeo and Juliet" at the age of 18. He made his Broadway debut in the late 1950s with "The Irregular Verb to Love". In addition to his work on stage, Gould had several guest appearances on television shows in the 1960s.

Aside from acting, Gould has also been involved in political activism. He actively supported Robert F. Kennedy's presidential campaign in 1968, and he later supported the presidential candidacies of George McGovern and Howard Dean. Gould was also a vocal critic of the Vietnam War, and he participated in anti-war rallies in the 1960s.

Gould has been married three times, including to actress Barbra Streisand from 1963 to 1971. He has also had a well-publicized on-and-off relationship with actress Jennifer Bogart. Gould is known for his unique fashion style, often wearing flamboyant clothing and colorful suits.

Overall, Gould has had a long and successful career in the entertainment industry, with a wide range of roles and accomplishments to his name.

In addition to his film and television work, Elliott Gould has also made notable appearances on stage. He starred in a one-man show, "Van Gogh", which was based on the letters and life of the famous painter. The show premiered in London in 1973, and later opened on Broadway in 1983.

Gould's voice work includes roles in animated classics such as "The Magic School Bus" and "Batman: The Animated Series". He also provided the voice of the character Mr. Stoppable in the popular animated series "Kim Possible".

Aside from his acting and producing career, Gould is also a talented musician. He released two albums in the 1970s, "Elliott Gould Sings Songs from 'M*A*S*H' and Other Songs" (1970) and "The Shining" (1974). Both albums featured Gould's distinctive vocals and included covers of popular songs of the era.

Throughout his career, Elliott Gould has been recognized for his contributions to the entertainment industry. In addition to his Academy Award nomination, he has received several Emmy nominations, as well as a Golden Globe win for his role in the television movie "The Final Approach" (1991).

Gould's family had a strong influence on his acting career. His mother was a Russian-born actress who performed under the name "Thea Meir" and his father was a Polish-born immigrant who worked in the garment industry. Gould's parents separated when he was young, and he was primarily raised by his mother. She provided him with early exposure to the world of acting and theater, taking him to see plays and encouraging his interest in the art form.

In addition to his acting career and political activism, Gould has also worked as a voiceover artist for commercials. He has lent his voice to advertisements for companies such as McDonald's, IBM, and United Airlines. Gould has also been involved in various philanthropic efforts over the years, including serving as a board member for the Los Angeles-based charity Chrysalis, which helps provide job opportunities and support for people who are homeless and low-income.

At age 83, Gould continues to work in the entertainment industry, appearing in films and television shows. He is also slated to star in an upcoming film adaptation of the classic stage play "Love Letters" alongside his former co-star, Jane Fonda. Despite his many accomplishments and decades-long career, Gould remains humble about his achievements, stating in an interview that he views himself as "just a working actor, trying to do the best he can."

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Sherman Hemsley

Sherman Hemsley (February 1, 1938 Philadelphia-July 24, 2012 El Paso) otherwise known as Sherman Alexander Hemsley or Sherman was an American actor and voice actor.

His albums: Dance.

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Pete La Roca

Pete La Roca (April 7, 1938 Harlem-November 20, 2012 New York City) also known as Pete La Roca, Pete LaRoca, Pete LaRoca Sims or Pete Sims was an American musician and jazz drummer.

His discography includes: Basra and Turkish Women at the Bath.

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Ronny Cox

Ronny Cox (July 23, 1938 Cloudcroft-) also known as Daniel Ronald Cox or Daniel Ronald "Ronny" Cox is an American guitarist, actor, musician, singer-songwriter and voice actor.

His discography includes: Cowboy Savant, Ronny, Rad, and Karen, Ronny Cox At The Sebastiani Theatre, Acoustic Eclectricity, How I Love Them Old Songs, Ronny Cox, Songs...with Repercussions and Ronny Cox: Live. Genres he performed: Folk music and Country.

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John Harbison

John Harbison (December 20, 1938 Orange-) also known as John Harris Harbison or Harbison, John is an American composer, conductor and professor.

His albums include American Contemporaries and Symphonies, etc. (San Francisco Symphony feat. conductor: Herbert Blomstedt, oboe: William Bennett). Genres he performed include Opera.

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David Canary

David Canary (August 25, 1938 Elwood-) also known as David Hoyt Canary is an American actor. He has three children, Katy Canary, Christopher Canary and Lisa Canary.

Canary is best known for his roles in the television series "All My Children" from 1983 to 2009 and in "Bonanza" from 1967 to 1970. He won five Daytime Emmy Awards for his role as Adam and Stuart Chandler in "All My Children", and he was also nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for his role in the TV movie "Hombre". Before pursuing his acting career, Canary played football at the University of Cincinnati and briefly played professionally for the Denver Broncos. He passed away on November 16, 2015 from natural causes at the age of 77.

During his acting career, David Canary appeared in various movies such as "Saint Valentine", "The St. Valentine's Day Massacre", and "Pittsburgh", among others. He also guest-starred in many television shows including "Law & Order", and "Walker, Texas Ranger". Canary was also a talented singer and participated in musical theatre productions such as "The Fantasticks" and "Man of La Mancha". He earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the University of Cincinnati's College-Conservatory of Music. Canary's love for acting was evident from a young age, as he began acting in high school productions and later performed at the Cincinnati Summer Opera Company.

His career in acting began when he was recruited by the director of the Atlanta Theatre Guild while he was serving in the United States Army. After his service, he moved to New York City where he studied at the Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre with Sanford Meisner. Canary made his Broadway debut in the play "Great Day in the Morning" in 1962.

Aside from his successful acting career, David Canary was also a philanthropist, and he supported various charitable organizations. He was a co-founder and active member of the AMC Cancer Research Center in Denver, Colorado, and he also served as a trustee of the Denver Center for the Performing Arts.

Canary's contribution to the entertainment industry was recognized in 2005 when he was inducted into the Soap Opera Hall of Fame. He was a beloved actor who portrayed complex and memorable characters, earning him a place in the hearts of fans who followed his career for over five decades.

In addition to his successful acting career, David Canary was a family man who was married to his wife, Maureen Canary, for over 33 years until his passing in 2015. The couple first met when they were both performing in "Pal Joey" in 1963, and they remained devoted to each other throughout their marriage. Aside from his immediate family, Canary was also close to his "All My Children" co-stars, especially Susan Lucci who played his on-screen wife, Erica Kane. The two had a close friendship that lasted over three decades, and Lucci has spoken publicly about how much she valued Canary's kindness and support both on and off set. Despite his success, Canary was known for his humble and gracious demeanor, and he remained dedicated to his craft until his passing. He left a lasting legacy in the entertainment industry and will always be remembered as a talented actor and devoted humanitarian.

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Jimmy Carl Black

Jimmy Carl Black (February 1, 1938 El Paso-November 1, 2008 Siegsdorf) also known as Black, Jimmy Carl was an American drummer, songwriter, musician and record producer.

His most recognized albums: Locked in a Dutch Coffeeshop and Pachuco Cadaver. Genres: Rhythm and blues and Alternative rock.

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Julius Hemphill

Julius Hemphill (January 24, 1938 Fort Worth-April 2, 1995 New York City) also known as Hemphill, Julius was an American , .

His albums include The Hard Blues : Live in Lisbon, One Atmosphere, Big Band, Fat Man and the Hard Blues, Dogon A.D., Coon Bid'ness, Reflections, Julius Hemphill Big Band, Raw Materials and Residuals and Flat-Out Jump Suite.

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Lawrence Payton

Lawrence Payton (March 2, 1938 Detroit-June 20, 1997 Southfield) a.k.a. Payton, Lawrence was an American musician, record producer and songwriter. He had one child, Roquel Payton.

He was best known for being a member of the iconic Motown group, The Four Tops, alongside Levi Stubbs, Abdul "Duke" Fakir, and Renaldo "Obie" Benson. Payton served as the group's first tenor vocalist and also played the piano and drums. The Four Tops achieved immense success in the 1960s with hits such as "Baby I Need Your Loving," "I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch)," and "Reach Out I'll Be There." Payton remained a member of The Four Tops until his death in 1997. Aside from his success with the group, Payton also worked as a songwriter and producer for Motown, collaborating with artists such as Martha Reeves and the Vandellas, The Supremes, and Stevie Wonder.

Throughout his career, Lawrence Payton was regarded as a skilled performer and showman, renowned for his soulful voice and dynamic stage presence. His contributions to The Four Tops were instrumental in the group's success and enduring legacy in the music industry. In addition to his work with Motown, Payton was also involved in philanthropic endeavors, using his platform to raise awareness and funds for various causes. His impact on popular music continues to be celebrated to this day.

Despite his strong success with The Four Tops, Lawrence Payton also suffered from health issues during his later years. He had a heart transplant in 1981 and, as a result, became an advocate for organ donation, urging people to consider becoming donors themselves. Additionally, Payton was known for his love of sports, particularly basketball, and he frequently played in charity basketball games with other musicians and celebrities. He also established a basketball program for children in his hometown of Detroit.

Following his passing in 1997, Lawrence Payton was honored for his contributions to music with inductions into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990 and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 1999, alongside his fellow members of The Four Tops. His legacy continues to live on through his music and charitable work, serving as an inspiration to aspiring musicians and performers around the world.

In addition to his involvement in music and philanthropy, Lawrence Payton was also a devoted family man. He was married to his wife, Marcia, for over thirty years and they had a son named Roquel Payton. Roquel later followed in his father's footsteps and became a musician himself, playing in a band called Next Generation with his cousin, Theo Peoples, who would go on to replace Levi Stubbs as the lead singer of The Four Tops after Stubbs' retirement. Lawrence Payton's influence on his son's musical career served as a testament to his passion for music and the positive impact it can have on future generations.

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Charles Simić

Charles Simić (May 9, 1938 Belgrade-) also known as Simic, Charles, Dušan Simić, Charles or Dušan "Charles" Simić is an American translator, poet, essayist, professor, philosopher and author.

He was born in Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia) and emigrated to the United States in 1954 when he was sixteen years old. Simić is the author of numerous books of poetry, including "The World Doesn't End," which won the Pulitzer Prize in 1990. He has also published several collections of essays and translations, including a compilation of Serbian poetry. Simić was appointed the fifteenth poet laureate consultant in poetry to the Library of Congress in 2007 and held the position for one year. He has received numerous other awards and honors, including the Wallace Stevens Award, the Berlin Prize, and the MacArthur Fellowship. Simić has taught at several universities throughout his career and is currently a professor emeritus at the University of New Hampshire.

Simić's childhood was marked by the hardships of World War II and the oppressive communist regime in Yugoslavia. He began writing poetry at a young age as a way to escape the limitations of his environment. After moving to the US and completing his education at New York University, Simić worked a variety of odd jobs while honing his craft as a writer. His early poetry was heavily influenced by surrealism, but he later developed a more concise and direct style that highlighted the oddities of everyday life.

Simić's work explores themes of memory, identity, and the human condition, often using vivid imagery to create a sense of surrealism and mystery. He is known for his ability to fuse the ordinary with the mystical, creating poems that are at once grounded in reality and transcendent. Some of his most well-known collections include "The Horse Has Six Legs," "A Wedding in Hell," and "The Book of Gods and Devils."

In addition to his literary achievements, Simić is also a respected translator and essayist. He has translated the works of several Serbian poets into English and has written extensively on literary topics, including a collection of essays titled "The Life of Images." Simić's contributions to American literature have been widely recognized, and his work has had a significant impact on the development of contemporary poetry.

Simić's writing has been praised for its use of language and imagery, with many critics noting the dreamlike quality of his poetry. His work often explores the themes of loss and displacement, reflecting his own experiences as an immigrant. Despite his success, Simić has remained humble, maintaining that his work is simply the result of a lifelong passion for writing. He has also been known to encourage young writers, offering advice and support to those just starting out. Simić's influence on American poetry continues to be felt, and his legacy as a writer and mentor is sure to endure.

Simić is also a distinguished professor of English and creative writing. He has taught at several universities over the years including University of California, Berkeley, and University of Iowa. He spent over two decades teaching at the University of New Hampshire before retiring in 2014. Simić was hailed as an inspirational and influential professor, guiding students to hone their writing skills and encouraging them to explore their creativity. His teaching methods and philosophy have been documented in his book "Orphan Factory: Essays and Memoirs" published in 1998.

Aside from his literary work, Simić is a lover of art and has even dabbled in assemblage art himself. Collaborating with artists Anne and Julien Bacon, Simić created pieces that were featured in the book "Charles Simić: Dime-Store Alchemy." He is also a jazz enthusiast and has written several essays on the genre, displaying his vast knowledge and passion for the music.

Simić's contributions to literature have not gone unnoticed. In 2015, he was awarded the Frost Medal by the Poetry Society of America for his lifetime achievements in poetry. His impact on American literature and his poetic legacy continue to inspire writers and readers alike.

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Hank Medress

Hank Medress (November 19, 1938 Brooklyn-June 18, 2007) also known as Medress, Hank was an American record producer and singer.

He was best known as the founder and member of the doo-wop group The Tokens. Medress began his career working in the music industry with his own labels, including B.T. Puppy Records and Directions Records. He then formed The Tokens with three other musicians in 1955, which went on to produce several hit songs including "The Lion Sleeps Tonight" and "Tonight I Fell In Love". Apart from his success with The Tokens, Medress also worked as a producer for other artists such as Tony Orlando & Dawn and Melissa Manchester. He continued his music career until his death in 2007 from complications with lung cancer.

In addition to his work in the music industry, Hank Medress was also a talented songwriter. He collaborated with several artists to write and produce hit songs, including "He's So Fine" recorded by The Chiffons, which went on to become a number one hit in the U.S. and UK. Medress was also involved in the production of numerous commercials, where he worked as a jingle writer and producer.

Aside from his musical career, Medress was a devoted family man who was married to his wife, Eileen, for over 30 years. He had three children and was known for his kind and generous personality. Medress's contributions to the music industry and his impact on the doo-wop genre have been recognized by various music organizations. In 2005, he was inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame and reconnected with The Tokens to record a new album before his passing in 2007.

Throughout his career, Hank Medress worked with many legendary names in the music industry. He worked as a producer and session singer for several acts, such as The Beach Boys, The Four Seasons, and Dionne Warwick. He also continued to perform with The Tokens, often touring around the world to perform their classic hits.

In addition to his success in the music industry, Medress was also involved in various philanthropic endeavors. He was a strong advocate for charitable causes, including the fight against cancer, and supported organizations such as the American Cancer Society and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation.

Despite his passing, Hank Medress's legacy lives on in his music and his influence on the music industry. His creativity and dedication to his craft continue to inspire aspiring musicians and record producers.

Hank Medress was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. He attended Brooklyn Technical High School and later went to Syracuse University, where he studied electrical engineering. Despite his academic achievements, his passion for music was evident from an early age. He began singing in local doo-wop groups and was soon discovered by a record producer who offered him a job at a recording studio.

Medress's career took off when he formed The Tokens in 1955 with his high school friends Neil Sedaka, Eddie Rabkin, and Cynthia Zolitin. The group began by recording their own songs, but soon gained fame for their cover of the South African song "Wimoweh" (also known as "The Lion Sleeps Tonight"). The song reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1961 and remains a popular classic to this day.

In addition to his work with The Tokens, Medress produced hit songs for other artists such as Tony Orlando & Dawn ("Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree") and Melissa Manchester ("Midnight Blue"). He also co-wrote and produced the hit song "Knock Three Times" for Tony Orlando & Dawn.

Despite facing obstacles such as changing music trends and the rise of the British invasion, Medress continued to stay relevant in the music industry by adapting to new styles and technologies. He was an early advocate of using digital recording equipment and experimented with synthesizers in his productions.

Throughout his career, Medress remained humble and grounded, never forgetting the importance of family and community. He was known to lend his time and resources to charitable causes and helped raise funds for research on cancer and diabetes. His contributions to the music industry and his impact on popular culture continue to be felt today.

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Dean Reed

Dean Reed (September 22, 1938 Denver-June 13, 1986 Zeuthen) a.k.a. Dean Cyril Reed, Mr. Simpatia or Red Elvis was an American singer, musician, writer, actor and songwriter. He had three children, Alexander Reed, Ramona Reed and Natasha Reed.

Genres: Pop music, Rock music, Country and Rock and roll.

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Don "Sugarcane" Harris

Don "Sugarcane" Harris (June 18, 1938 Pasadena-November 30, 1999 Los Angeles) a.k.a. Harris, Don "Sugarcane", Sugarcane or Don Harris was an American musician.

His albums: Fiddler on the Rock and Sugar Cane's Got the Blues. Genres: Rhythm and blues, Rock and roll and Jazz fusion.

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Gloria Coates

Gloria Coates (October 10, 1938 Wausau-) is an American composer.

Her albums include String Quartets 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 (Kreutzer Quartet), Symphonies 14, 1 and 7 (Munich Chamber Orchestra, Siegerland Orchestra, Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra), Symphony no. 15 / Cantata da Requiem / Transitions and .

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Johnny Duncan

Johnny Duncan (October 5, 1938 Dublin-August 14, 2006 Fort Worth) also known as Duncan, Johnny was an American singer.

His related genres: Country.

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Leonard Frey

Leonard Frey (September 4, 1938 Brooklyn-August 24, 1988 New York City) also known as Frey, Leonard was an American actor.

He was best known for his role as Motel Kamzoil in the film adaptation of the musical Fiddler on the Roof, for which he received an Academy Award nomination. After a successful career in theater, he transitioned to television and film, appearing in popular shows such as Kojak and The Bionic Woman. Frey was openly gay and became an advocate for LGBTQ+ rights. He even portrayed gay characters in his work, including a role in the groundbreaking play The Boys in the Band. Sadly, Frey passed away at the age of 49 from complications related to AIDS.

Frey began his acting career while still attending high school, performing in student plays. After studying drama at the Yale School of Drama, he moved to New York City and became a part of the Off-Broadway theater scene. He made his Broadway debut in 1968 in the play The Little Prince and the Aviator.

In addition to his work as an actor, Frey was also a director and acting teacher, mentoring younger actors in the industry. He was known for his signature glasses, which he wore both on and off-screen.

Frey's contribution to LGBTQ+ representation in the entertainment industry has been widely acknowledged. In 2018, his legacy was celebrated in a retrospective at the Museum of the City of New York, titled "Leonard Frey: Gay, Jewish, Brooklynite."

Despite his relatively short career, Frey's impact on the industry and LGBTQ+ visibility continues to be remembered and celebrated today.

Frey's performance as Motel Kamzoil in the film adaptation of Fiddler on the Roof catapulted him to fame, earning him critical acclaim and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1972. He later reprised the role in the 1977 television adaptation of the musical.

In television, Frey made guest appearances on popular shows such as The Mary Tyler Moore Show, The Jeffersons, and Dynasty. He also starred in his own short-lived sitcom, Brothers and Sisters, in 1979.

Frey was an active member of the LGBTQ+ community and used his platform to advocate for equal rights. He served on the board of directors for several organizations, including the Gay Men's Health Crisis and the AIDS Project.

In addition to his work in the entertainment industry, Frey was also a passionate collector of art and antique furniture. His collection was auctioned off after his death, with the proceeds going to the Leonard Frey Fund for the Performing Arts, which supports theater artists and organizations.

Throughout his career, Frey was known for his versatility in portraying an array of characters. He played a wide range of roles, from the comedic to the dramatic, showcasing his impressive range as an actor. Some of his other notable film credits include roles in The Boys in the Band, Where's Poppa?, and The Magic Christian. His stage performances were also critically acclaimed, and he received Tony Award nominations for his roles in the plays The Sergeant's Tale and The National Health.

Frey's advocacy for LGBTQ+ rights was particularly significant during a time when homophobic attitudes were prevalent in society. In the 1980s, he served as the president of the Alliance for Gay and Lesbian Artists in Entertainment, furthering his commitment to promoting LGBTQ+ visibility in the entertainment industry. His legacy as an advocate for marginalized groups continues to inspire many today.

In addition to his impressive body of work as an actor, director, and teacher, Frey is remembered for his generosity and kind-hearted nature. He was known for his warmth and support towards his colleagues, and his legacy continues to be cherished by those who had the privilege of knowing him.

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Spencer Dryden

Spencer Dryden (April 7, 1938 New York City-January 11, 2005 Petaluma) a.k.a. Dryden, Spencer, Jefferson Airplane, The New Riders of the Purple Sage or New Riders Of The Purple Sage was an American musician and drummer. He had three children, Jeffrey Dryden, Jesse Dryden and Jackson Dryden.

Genres: Jazz, Psychedelic rock, Acid rock and Country rock.

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John Guare

John Guare (February 5, 1938 New York City-) is an American playwright, screenwriter, author and lyricist.

John Guare is best known for his play "Six Degrees of Separation," which was later adapted into a film. He has also written many other plays, including "The House of Blue Leaves," "A Free Man of Color," and "Four Baboons Adoring the Sun." Guare has won numerous awards for his work, including three Obie Awards and a Tony Award. In addition to his work in theater, Guare has also written screenplays for films such as "Atlantic City" and "The Odyssey." He has published several books, including his memoir "Me and Juliet," and has written and performed in his own cabaret shows. Guare is considered one of America's most important contemporary playwrights.

Guare was born in New York City and grew up in a family of artists, writers and musicians. He attended Georgetown University and then Yale Drama School. Guare's first play, "Muzeeka," was produced off-Broadway in 1968. He achieved major success with "The House of Blue Leaves," which premiered on Broadway in 1971 and was later made into a film starring John Mahoney and Swoosie Kurtz.

Guare is known for his unique and experimental approach to theater, incorporating absurdist elements, dark humor, and social commentary. He has been a leading figure in American theater for decades, and his work has been widely performed and studied.

In addition to his many awards, Guare has also been recognized for his contributions to the arts with honors such as the PEN/Laura Pels International Foundation for Theater Award and the National Medal of Arts. He continues to write and create new works for the stage and screen.

Guare's play "Six Degrees of Separation" was inspired by a true story and explores the themes of identity and class in America. The play was a critical and commercial success during its Broadway run in 1990, with actors such as Stockard Channing and John Cunningham in the original cast. In 1993, the play was adapted into a film starring Will Smith and Stockard Channing.

Guare has also been involved in various social and political causes, particularly in the areas of human rights and the environment. He co-founded the New York City-based organization, Earth Celebrations, which works to raise awareness about environmental issues through artistic expression.

Other notable works by Guare include "Landscape of the Body," "Moon Over Miami," and "Chaucer in Rome." He has collaborated with many well-known artists and directors, including Marvin Hamlisch, Sidney Lumet, and Jack O'Brien.

Guare's contributions to American theater have been widely recognized, and he is considered a pioneer in the art form. His legacy continues to inspire and influence new generations of playwrights and artists.

Guare's work is known for its exploration of the complexities of the human experience, often touching on themes of identity, disillusionment, and existentialism. He is also known for his experimentation with form, incorporating elements such as surrealism, symbolism, and metatheater into his works.

In addition to his career as a playwright, Guare has also worked in film and television. He has written screenplays for movies such as "Atlantic City," which was nominated for five Academy Awards, and "Taking Off." He has also worked on television shows such as "The West Wing" and "Law & Order: Criminal Intent."

Guare has been a prominent figure in the American theater scene since the 1960s, and has mentored and influenced many young playwrights over the years. He has held teaching positions at Yale University and New York University, and has been involved with various theater organizations and initiatives.

Throughout his career, Guare has received numerous accolades for his work. In addition to his Tony and Obie Awards, he has been inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters and the Theater Hall of Fame. He has also received the PEN/Laura Pels International Foundation for Theater Award and the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Dramatists Guild.

Despite his many accomplishments, Guare remains humble about his work and the impact it has had on others. He has said that he is constantly inspired by the creativity and ingenuity of other artists, and that his main goal is simply to continue creating and telling stories that resonate with audiences.

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Troy Seals

Troy Seals (November 16, 1938 Bighill-) is an American songwriter, singer and guitarist.

He was born and raised in Bighill, Kentucky, and grew up in a musical family. Seals started his music career as a guitarist in various bands during his teenage years. He later moved to Nashville to pursue a career in the music industry.

Seals is best known for his songwriting contributions, having penned hit songs for some of country music's biggest names. His most famous work includes "Bop" for Dan Seals, "Country Bumpkin" for Cal Smith, and "Forever and Ever, Amen" for Randy Travis. "Forever and Ever, Amen" won Seals his first Grammy award in 1988.

In addition to songwriting, Seals also enjoyed success as a performer in his own right. He released several albums throughout the 1970s and 1980s and scored hits with songs like "She's Leaving Louisiana in the Broad Daylight" and "This Time".

Seals continues to write and perform music to this day, and he remains a respected figure in the Nashville music community.

Seals is the youngest of four children, all of whom were musically inclined. His older brothers Chuck and Jim were both musicians, and they often played together at local events. Seals learned to play guitar from his brothers, and he quickly became a skilled player.

After moving to Nashville, Seals worked as a session musician, playing on recordings for a variety of artists. He also played guitar for his older brother Jimmy, who had a successful career as a country singer. Seals eventually signed a recording contract of his own and released his debut album, "Now Presenting Troy Seals", in 1973.

In addition to his success as a songwriter and performer, Seals is also a skilled guitar player. He has been praised for his unique style, which blends elements of rock, country, and blues.

Seals has been inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Kentucky Music Hall of Fame. He continues to be an influential figure in country music, and his songs are still played on radio stations around the world.

Seals has written songs for a variety of country music stars, including George Strait, Emmylou Harris, and Jerry Reed. He has also received awards for his songwriting, including the Nashville Songwriters Association International's "Songwriter of the Year" award in 1987.Seals has collaborated with his brother, Grammy-winning songwriter and producer Dan Seals, on several projects throughout his career. The two co-wrote the hit song "Bop", which was a number one hit for Dan Seals in 1985.Seals has been married to his wife, Susan, since 1961. The couple has two children and several grandchildren. Seals is known for his philanthropic work, supporting a variety of causes in his community and beyond. He has worked with organizations like St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, the Make-A-Wish Foundation, and Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt.

Throughout his career, Seals has worked with many talented artists and musicians. He collaborated with Mike Reid on writing the hit song "Forever and Ever, Amen" for Randy Travis, which earned both writers a Grammy award. Seals also worked with fellow songwriter Max Barnes on several songs, including "Love Out Loud" for Earl Thomas Conley and "Who's That Man" for Toby Keith.

In addition to his success in the music industry, Seals has also dabbled in acting. He appeared in the movie "Road House" in 1989, playing the character of Jimmy, and also made a brief appearance in the TV series "Nashville" in 2014.

Seals' love for music and dedication to his craft has earned him the respect of his peers and fans alike. He continues to inspire and influence new generations of musicians with his talent and passion for songwriting, performing, and guitar playing.

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Michael Parks

Michael Parks (April 4, 1938 Corona-) a.k.a. Mike Parks or Harry Samuel Parks is an American actor and singer. His child is called James Parks.

Michael Parks started his career as a stage actor in the 1960s before making his film debut in 1965 with the movie "Wild Seed". He gained critical acclaim for his performances in independent movies such as "Red State" (2011) and "Tusk" (2014), both directed by Kevin Smith. Parks also appeared in several mainstream movies like "Kill Bill: Vol. 1" (2003) and "Argo" (2012).

Apart from acting, Parks was also a talented singer and recorded several albums in the 1960s and 1970s. He collaborated with the likes of Bob Dylan, Kris Kristofferson, and Johnny Cash.

Parks passed away on May 9, 2017, at the age of 77. His legacy lives on through his memorable performances in movies and his contributions to the music industry.

In addition to his successful acting and singing career, Michael Parks was also a prolific television actor. He appeared in numerous TV shows throughout his career, including "Then Came Bronson" (1969-1970), where he played the lead role of Jim Bronson, "Twin Peaks" (1990-1991), where he played the villainous Jean Renault, and "Kill Bill: The Whole Bloody Affair" (2011), a TV movie edited from both "Kill Bill" movies. Parks was also known for his work as a voice actor, lending his voice to animated shows such as "Batman: The Animated Series" (1992-1995) and "King of the Hill" (1997-2010). Despite facing personal struggles with drug addiction, Parks continued to work and deliver memorable performances until his passing.

Later in his career, Michael Parks became a favorite of director Quentin Tarantino, who cast him in his films "Kill Bill: Vol. 1" and "Death Proof" (2007). Their collaboration led to a resurgence in Parks' career and further acclaim for his acting abilities.In addition to his work in Hollywood, Parks also appeared in several European films, including "The Return of Joséy Wales" (1986) and "Djavolji raj" (1989).Parks was married twice and had two children. He was known for his deep and distinctive voice, which added to his on-screen presence. Despite his success, Parks remained humble and dedicated to his craft throughout his career.

In his early years, Michael Parks was raised by his father, a baseball player, and his mother, a waitress. He was born in Corona, California, but his family soon moved to Texas, where Parks spent most of his childhood. Parks attended college in the 1950s but dropped out to pursue his passion for acting.

Along with his acting and singing career, Parks was also a talented writer. He wrote several scripts and songs throughout his career, and even published a novel in 1999 called "Closer to the Ground."

Parks was highly respected within the entertainment industry, and many of his colleagues and friends spoke highly of him in the wake of his passing. Director Kevin Smith, who worked with Parks on several occasions, called him "the best actor I've ever known." Johnny Depp, who co-starred with Parks in "Tusk," called him "an amazing man and one of my true heroes."

Parks' contributions to the world of entertainment have left a lasting impact, and he will be remembered as a versatile and talented actor, singer, and writer.

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Judy Clay

Judy Clay (September 12, 1938 St. Pauls-July 19, 2001) a.k.a. Clay, Judy was an American singer.

Her albums: Storybook Children, Private Number / Love-Eye-Tis, My Baby Specializes / Left-Over Love and Greatest Love. Genres she performed: Soul music and Gospel music.

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Charles Lloyd

Charles Lloyd (March 15, 1938 Memphis-) a.k.a. Lloyd, Charles is an American musician, jazz musician and flutist.

Discography: Acoustic Masters 1, Sangam, Rabo de Nube, Discovery!, Dream Weaver, Of Course, of Course, Charles Lloyd in Europe, Forest Flower, Love-In and The Flowering. Genres related to him: Jazz and Post-bop.

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David Freiberg

David Freiberg (August 24, 1938 Cincinnati-) otherwise known as Freiberg, David, The Jefferson Starship or Quicksilver Messenger Service is an American musician.

His albums: Baron Von Tollbooth & The Chrome Nun. Genres he performed: Folk music, Psychedelic rock and Progressive rock.

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Elliot del Borgo

Elliot del Borgo (October 27, 1938 Port Chester-May 30, 2013) was an American composer.

Throughout his career, del Borgo wrote for a variety of ensembles including orchestra, concert band, chamber ensembles, and choir. He also served as a professor of composition and theory at the State University of New York at Fredonia from 1968 until his retirement in 2006. Among his numerous awards and honors are the 1986 Ostwald Composition Award from the American Bandmasters Association and the 1994 ASCAP Special Award for his contributions to music in America. His music has been performed throughout the world and is known for its accessible melodies and rhythmic energy.

Del Borgo was born in Port Chester, New York and grew up in a musical family. He began playing the trumpet at a young age and later switched to the French horn. He received his Bachelor of Music degree from Ithaca College and went on to earn his Master of Music degree from the Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music.

In addition to his work as a composer and professor, del Borgo was also a sought-after conductor and clinician. He conducted numerous All-State and regional honor bands and orchestras and was a guest conductor for many professional ensembles.

Throughout his career, del Borgo wrote over 100 works for a variety of instruments and ensembles. His music has been described as "approachable, energetic, and beautifully crafted" and he was known for his ability to write music that was both challenging and rewarding for performers.

Del Borgo passed away in 2013 at the age of 74. His legacy continues through his music, which is still performed and enjoyed by musicians and audiences around the world.

In addition to being a composer, conductor, and professor, Elliot del Borgo was also a dedicated advocate for music education. He was a frequent guest lecturer on the importance of music in schools and was an active member of several music education organizations, including the National Association for Music Education and the American String Teachers Association.

Del Borgo's music is renowned for its eclectic mix of styles, with influences from jazz, rock, and folk music. He was particularly interested in incorporating world music into his compositions, drawing inspiration from traditional music of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.

Throughout his career, Del Borgo collaborated with many notable musicians and performers, including the Dallas Symphony Orchestra, the Goldman Band, and the United States Air Force Band. His music has been recorded on over 50 albums, and his works continue to be performed and recorded by orchestras, bands, and chamber ensembles around the world.

Today, Elliot del Borgo is remembered as a visionary composer and educator whose contributions to the world of music have left a lasting impact.

In addition to his numerous compositions, Elliot del Borgo also wrote several music textbooks and instructional materials. His book "Technique Through Listening" has been widely used in music education, providing students with a method for improving their musical abilities through active listening.

Del Borgo was also a passionate advocate for the use of technology in music education. He collaborated with synthesizer pioneer, Bob Moog, to create a series of electronic music workshops for students. He also wrote several pieces for electronic instruments, exploring new sounds and textures in his compositions.

Throughout his career, del Borgo was a member of several prestigious music organizations and served on the boards of many others. He was a strong supporter of contemporary music and was a member of the American Composers Alliance, the American Music Center, and the Society of Composers, among others.

Today, Elliot del Borgo's contributions to music education and composition continue to inspire new generations of musicians. He was a true innovator in the field of music and his legacy serves as a reminder of the power of music to bring people together and inspire creativity.

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Johnny Rebel

Johnny Rebel (October 3, 1938 Moss Bluff-) otherwise known as Johhny Rebel, Clifford \"Pee Wee\" Trahan, Jericho Jones, Pee Wee Traham, Jones, Jericho, Tommy Todd, Todd, Tommy, Clifford "Pee Wee" Trahan or Clifford Joseph Trahan is an American singer and songwriter.

His albums include Racist Songs, For Segregationists Only, Flight NAACP 105 / The Voice of Alabama, The Complete Johnny Rebel Collection, It's The Attitude, Stupid!, For Segregationists Only, The Good Old South, Nigger, Nigger / Move Them Niggers North, Some Niggers Never Die (They Just Smell That Way) / Stay Away From Dixie and (Federal Aid Hell!) The Money Belongs to Us / Keep a Workin' Big Jim. Genres he performed: Rockabilly, Country and Swamp pop.

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