Afghan musicians died at 44
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Abul Djabar
Abul Djabar was an Afghan personality.
Abul Djabar was an Afghan mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, and poet who flourished in the Islamic Golden Age. He was born in the city of Tus, in Khorasan (present-day Iran) in 973 CE and died in 1048 CE. Abul Djabar made significant contributions to several fields, including algebra, geometry, and trigonometry. He wrote several books, including "Kitab al-mukhtasar fi hisab al-jabr wal-muqabala" ("The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing"), which laid the foundations of algebra as a mathematical discipline. He is also known for his work on the development of the decimal system and its use in mathematical calculations. Abul Djabar's philosophical and mystical writings, such as "Kimya-yi sa'ādat" ("The Alchemy of Happiness"), are still studied today. He is considered one of the most important scholars of Islamic civilization and a pillar of the Islamic Golden Age.
Abul Djabar was born in a family of Turkic origin who were adherents of the Mu'tazilite school of Islamic theology. Abul Djabar was educated in Tus and later traveled to various parts of the Islamic world, including Baghdad, Cairo, and possibly India. In addition to mathematics and astronomy, he also studied Islamic jurisprudence, theology, grammar, and literature.
Abul Djabar's contributions to mathematics and science were particularly significant. He made major breakthroughs in algebra, including the concept of using letters to represent unknown quantities and the use of systematic methods for solving equations. He also contributed to the development of trigonometry and wrote a treatise on the astrolabe, a device used for astronomical measurements.
Abul Djabar was a prolific writer and his works encompassed a wide range of subjects, including philosophy, ethics, spirituality, and mysticism. He was influenced by both Islamic and Greek philosophy and sought to reconcile the two traditions. He also wrote on Islamic mysticism, particularly on the concept of tawhid or the unity of God.
Abul Djabar's works were widely read and translated into various languages, including Latin and Hebrew. His influence extended beyond the Islamic world and his ideas influenced European scholars such as Leonardo Fibonacci and Roger Bacon. Abul Djabar's legacy continues to be celebrated and his contributions to mathematics, science, and philosophy are still studied and appreciated today.
Abul Djabar was not only a scholar and philosopher, but he was also a poet. He wrote several poems in both Persian and Arabic, ranging from romantic verses to mystical and metaphysical poetry. One of his most famous poems is the "Qasida" or Ode to his hometown, Tus, which describes the beauty of the city and its people.
In addition to his scholarly achievements, Abul Djabar held a number of administrative positions in various cities, including as a judge in Nishapur and as a court physician in Gorgan. He also had close relationships with several rulers, including the Abbasid caliphs and the Ghaznavid sultan Mahmud.
Abul Djabar's influence was not limited to his own time but continued to shape intellectual thought in the centuries that followed. His works on algebra and mathematics were instrumental in the development of modern mathematics, and his philosophical and mystical writings continue to inspire scholars and readers today.
Overall, Abul Djabar was a multifaceted figure whose contributions to the fields of mathematics, science, philosophy, and literature continue to be celebrated and studied in the modern era.
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